Saat menghidupkan mesin jangan menekan pedal gas hingga mesin langsung meraung kencang.Karena alasan waktu, kadang-kadang ada beberapa kebiasaan buruk pengemudi yang merugikan diri sendiri. Misalnya terburu buru saat memanasi mesin. Meski tak langsung terasa, namun akibat jangka panjang bisa merugikan kendaraan Anda. Untuk itu simak tehnik menghidupkan mesin seperti berikut ini :
1. Saat menghidupkan mesin jangan menekan pedal gas hingga mesin langsung meraung kencang. Efek yang ditimbulkan :
* Cara ini bisa menimbulkan kerusakan pada bagian dinding silinder, sebab saat menekan pedal gas dalam-dalam tersebut suplai oli ke dinding boring belum maksimal.
* Jika dibiarkan lama-lama goresan akan semakin dalam sehingga pembakaran menjadi tidak sempurna, karena oli ikut terbakar dan kompresi bisa berkurang.
2. Saat menghidupkan kendaraan di pagi hari tarik cuk yang tersedia. Jika tidak ada tekan dua atau tiga kali pedal gas.
3. Setelah itu putar kunci kontak dan saat mesin mulai hidup, lepas pedal gas hingga indikator pelumas di dasbor mati.
4. Kalau mau memainkan pedal gas tunggu hingga 3 sampai 5 menit. Sumber : www.oto.co.id
01 Februari 2009
Mengatasi Sekring/Fuse Putus Saat di Jalan.
Anda tahu akibatnya bila sekring/fuse putus?. Akibatnya bisa ringan bisa juga berat, yang ringan misal fuse lampu putus, hanya lampunya tidak menyala, tapi kalau lagi jalan malam, hal ini jadi lumayan merepotkan. Dan akibat yang berat, spt.putus fuse pompa bensin atau fuse utama, ini bisa menyebabkan mobil tidak bisa dihidupkan/mogok. Fuse dapat diketahui lokasinya, ada yang diruang mesin, didalam fuse box, ada gambarnya/petunjuk masing2 fuse pada penutupnya untuk apa fuse tersebut, misal tertulis FAN, berarti fuse tersebut untuk motor fan dsb.. Ada juga fuse yang diruang penumpang disinipun sama ada petunjuknya . Untuk mengetahui fuse putus atau tidak tanpa alat adalah, terawang/lihat kawat tipis yang menghubungkan antara ujung fuse dengan ujung yang lain. Bila putus akan terlihat dengan jelas ada kawatnya tidak tersambung. So gimana bila anda lagi jalan2 tiba-tiba fusenya putus? Jangan panik, cari kabel, yang didalamnya ada beberapa kabelkecil{isi kabel),ambil 1 atau 2 isi kabel tersebut dan sambungkan ke dua ujung tempat fuse yang putus . Untuk fuse 10A, bisa digunakan 2 kabel( 1 kabel bisa untuk 6 Ampere).Bila amperenya besar, misal 60 ampere, pakai satu kable yang lebih besar dan ini sifatnya sementara, disarankan langsung mmendatangi bengkel terdekat
Merawat Ban Agar Tetap Cantik
Saat mencuci mobil adalah saat membuat mobil Anda tampil bersih secara keseluruhan. Disamping mencuci interior dan ekterior mobil Anda, kebersihan ban pun perlu Anda perhatikan. Bagian bawah kendaraan biasanya yang sering ditempeli lumpur dan kotoran. Untuk membuat ban tampak seperti baru, Anda bisa melakukan langkah sbb :
1. Setelah mencuci mobil sendiri di rumah, berikan sedikit waktu untuk mencuci lebih bersih bagian roda-roda mobil Anda. Anda bisa menggunakan sabun cuci / shampoo yang tidak mengandung detergen dan air untuk mencucinya....
2.Gunakan sikat yang lunak untuk membersihkan kotoran di sela-sela ban, kemudian bilas secara menyeluruh.
3.Jika ada noda yang susah dibersihkan, hilangkan dengan cairan penghilang noda yang lembut. Tanyakan di supermarket atau salon mobil jenis cairan penghilang noda pada ban yang aman dan dapat Anda gunakan. Biasanya tersedia berbagai pilihan merek, pilih yang cocok dan sesuai dengan keinginan Anda.
4.Untuk mengembalikan kemilau hitam ban mobil Anda , Anda dapat menggunakan produk cat ban warna hitam yang juga banyak dijual di toko onderdil mobil, supermarket dan salon-salon mobil. Tanyalah kepada penjualnya merek mana yang sesuai untuk Anda.
5.Keringkan ban dengan cara parkir di tempat yang teduh atau biarkan di garasi. Namun jangan terkena sinar matahari langsung, biarkan angin sepoi-sepoi yang membuatnya kering. Sumber :www.mobilmotor.co.id
1. Setelah mencuci mobil sendiri di rumah, berikan sedikit waktu untuk mencuci lebih bersih bagian roda-roda mobil Anda. Anda bisa menggunakan sabun cuci / shampoo yang tidak mengandung detergen dan air untuk mencucinya....
2.Gunakan sikat yang lunak untuk membersihkan kotoran di sela-sela ban, kemudian bilas secara menyeluruh.
3.Jika ada noda yang susah dibersihkan, hilangkan dengan cairan penghilang noda yang lembut. Tanyakan di supermarket atau salon mobil jenis cairan penghilang noda pada ban yang aman dan dapat Anda gunakan. Biasanya tersedia berbagai pilihan merek, pilih yang cocok dan sesuai dengan keinginan Anda.
4.Untuk mengembalikan kemilau hitam ban mobil Anda , Anda dapat menggunakan produk cat ban warna hitam yang juga banyak dijual di toko onderdil mobil, supermarket dan salon-salon mobil. Tanyalah kepada penjualnya merek mana yang sesuai untuk Anda.
5.Keringkan ban dengan cara parkir di tempat yang teduh atau biarkan di garasi. Namun jangan terkena sinar matahari langsung, biarkan angin sepoi-sepoi yang membuatnya kering. Sumber :www.mobilmotor.co.id
DIESEL INJECTION SYSTEMS
There are basically three general systems of mechanical fuel injection: the constant pressure or common rail system, the spring pressure or accumulator type, and the jerk pump.
In the common rail system fuel at a constant pressure is maintained in a manifold connected to either cam actuated nozzles or with a timing and distributor valve and pressure operated nozzles. This pressure usually from 4000 to 8000 psi, is obtained by making the fuel manifold large and utilizing the compressibility of the fuel oil, using a pump of excess capacity and delivering fuel between each injection,....
and by passing fuel from the accumulator through a manually or governor controlled pressure regulating valve. The amount of fuel delivered per injection is controlled by injection pressure, total nozzle orifice area, and time that the nozzle valve is lifted.
In order to keep the fuel quantity injected independent of pump speed a accumulator or spring injection was developed. The basic system used upper and lower plungers in a common bore, the lower plunger was driven by an eccentric cam and the upper plunger was spring loaded. As the bottom plunger is forced up the fuel between the plungers is pressurized based on the spring force applied to the top spring. Fuel continues to pressurize until a delivery groove in the lower plunger indexes with the outlet passage. This pressurized fuel is then injected and continues until the upper spring forces the plunger downward and closes the outlet passage.
The injection pump in the jerk pump system is used to time, meter and pressurize the fuel. This is the most common and utilized system. The plungers are driven by a camshaft that is designed to control the injection characteristics of the engine. The spray duration in crank degrees still increases with speed and fuel quantity but not to the extent of the common rail system therefore the jerk system can be used on low, medium, and high speed engines.
The jerk pump system lead to the further development of distributor style pumps, unit injectors, the "PT" fuel system, and dual fuel pumps. New systems continue to be developed. Utilization of electronics in the fuel delivery system is getting more common. Some fuel injection manufactures are developing ways for their injection pumps to charge and discharge electronically in order to keep up with current standards for the diesel engine. New systems such as the HEUI (Hydraulically actuated, Electronically controlled, Unit Injector) are currently being used on several applications in all areas especially automotive. The HEUI System develops injection pressures as high as 18-24,000 psi by applying high pressure oil to the top of an intensifier piston. Since the area of the head of this piston is 7 times the area of it’s plunger a 7:1 pressure increase on the fuel beneath the plunger is achieved. By varying the oil pressure, injection rate can be controlled independently of the crank or cam. Thus injection timing, rates, and pressures are no longer dependent on camshaft position, speed or cam ramp velocity. This is all controlled by a solenoid actuated valve that determines when high pressure oil is applied to the piston.
In the common rail system fuel at a constant pressure is maintained in a manifold connected to either cam actuated nozzles or with a timing and distributor valve and pressure operated nozzles. This pressure usually from 4000 to 8000 psi, is obtained by making the fuel manifold large and utilizing the compressibility of the fuel oil, using a pump of excess capacity and delivering fuel between each injection,....
and by passing fuel from the accumulator through a manually or governor controlled pressure regulating valve. The amount of fuel delivered per injection is controlled by injection pressure, total nozzle orifice area, and time that the nozzle valve is lifted.
In order to keep the fuel quantity injected independent of pump speed a accumulator or spring injection was developed. The basic system used upper and lower plungers in a common bore, the lower plunger was driven by an eccentric cam and the upper plunger was spring loaded. As the bottom plunger is forced up the fuel between the plungers is pressurized based on the spring force applied to the top spring. Fuel continues to pressurize until a delivery groove in the lower plunger indexes with the outlet passage. This pressurized fuel is then injected and continues until the upper spring forces the plunger downward and closes the outlet passage.
The injection pump in the jerk pump system is used to time, meter and pressurize the fuel. This is the most common and utilized system. The plungers are driven by a camshaft that is designed to control the injection characteristics of the engine. The spray duration in crank degrees still increases with speed and fuel quantity but not to the extent of the common rail system therefore the jerk system can be used on low, medium, and high speed engines.
The jerk pump system lead to the further development of distributor style pumps, unit injectors, the "PT" fuel system, and dual fuel pumps. New systems continue to be developed. Utilization of electronics in the fuel delivery system is getting more common. Some fuel injection manufactures are developing ways for their injection pumps to charge and discharge electronically in order to keep up with current standards for the diesel engine. New systems such as the HEUI (Hydraulically actuated, Electronically controlled, Unit Injector) are currently being used on several applications in all areas especially automotive. The HEUI System develops injection pressures as high as 18-24,000 psi by applying high pressure oil to the top of an intensifier piston. Since the area of the head of this piston is 7 times the area of it’s plunger a 7:1 pressure increase on the fuel beneath the plunger is achieved. By varying the oil pressure, injection rate can be controlled independently of the crank or cam. Thus injection timing, rates, and pressures are no longer dependent on camshaft position, speed or cam ramp velocity. This is all controlled by a solenoid actuated valve that determines when high pressure oil is applied to the piston.
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